Bibliography

A neural network model of three-dimensional dynamic electron density in the inner magnetosphere

A plasma density model of the inner magnetosphere is important for a variety of applications including the study of wave-particle interactions, and wave excitation and propagation. Previous empirical models have been developed under many limiting assumptions and do not resolve short-term variations, which are especially important during storms. We present a three-dimensional dynamic electron density (DEN3D) model developed using a feedforward neural network with electron densities obtained from four satellite missions. The DEN3D model takes spacecraft location and time series of solar and geomagnetic indices (F10.7, SYM-H, and AL) as inputs. It can reproduce the observed density with a correlation coefficient of 0.95 and predict test data set with error less than a factor of 2. Its predictive ability on out-of-sample data is tested on field-aligned density profiles from the IMAGE satellite. DEN3D\textquoterights predictive ability provides unprecedented opportunities to gain insight into the 3-D behavior of the inner magnetospheric plasma density at any time and location. As an example, we apply DEN3D to a storm that occurred on 1 June 2013. It successfully reproduces various well-known dynamic features in three dimensions, such as plasmaspheric erosion and recovery, as well as plume formation. Storm time long-term density variations are consistent with expectations; short-term variations appear to be modulated by substorm activity or enhanced convection, an effect that requires further study together with multispacecraft in situ or imaging measurements. Investigating plasmaspheric refilling with the model, we find that it is not monotonic in time and is more complex than expected from previous studies, deserving further attention.

Chu, X.; Bortnik, J.; Li, W.; Ma, Q.; Denton, R.; Yue, C.; Angelopoulos, V.; Thorne, R.; Darrouzet, F.; Ozhogin, P.; Kletzing, C.; Wang, Y.; Menietti, J.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on: 09/2017

YEAR: 2017     DOI: 10.1002/2017JA024464

Survey analysis of chorus intensity at Saturn

In order to conduct theoretical studies or modeling of pitch angle scattering of electrons by whistler mode chorus emission at Saturn, a knowledge of chorus occurrence and magnetic intensity levels, PB, as well as the distribution of PB relative to frequency and spatial parameters is essential. In this paper an extensive survey of whistler mode magnetic intensity levels at Saturn is carried out, and Gaussian fits of PB are performed. We fit the spectrum of wave magnetic intensity between the lower hybrid frequency and fceq/2 and for frequencies in the interval fceq/2 < f < 0.9 fceq, where fceq is the cyclotron frequency mapped to the equator. Saturn chorus is observed over most local times, but is dominant on the nightside in the range of 4.5 < L <7.5, with minimum power at the equator and peak power in the range of 5\textdegree < λ < 10\textdegree. Saturn wave magnetic intensity averaged in frequency bins peaks in the range of 10-5 < PB < 10-4 nT2 for 0.4 < β < 0.5 (β = f/fceq). Gaussian fits of PB with frequency and latitude are obtained for lower band chorus. Plasma injection regions are occasionally encountered with significant chorus power levels. Upper band chorus is seen almost exclusively within plasma injection regions, and the number of events is very limited, but when present, the average levels of PB can be higher than the lower band chorus. The overall magnetic intensity contribution of the upper band, however, is insignificant relative to the lower band.

Menietti, J.; Averkamp, T.; Groene, J.; Horne, R.; Shprits, Y; Woodfield, E.; Hospodarsky, G.; Gurnett, D.;

Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics      Published on: 10/2014

YEAR: 2014     DOI: 10.1002/jgra.v119.1010.1002/2014JA020523

Space physics